McGuire et al. 1976; USA
Downs & Black = 9
Case Series
N=9

Population: 9 individuals with SCI and severe AD.
Treatment: 6 patients treated daily with phenoxybenzamine (alpha-sympatholytic agent) in doses ranging from 10 to 20 mg
Outcome Measures: blood, bladder and urethral pressures

1. Mean resting urethral pressure (based on 30 cc bladder volume) decreased after treatment with phenoxybenzamine from 40.6 to 34.0.
2. Mean maximum urethral pressure change with filling decreased after the treatment from +20cmH2O to     -30cmH2O

Lindan 1985; USA
Downs & Black = 8
Pre-post
N=12

Population: 12 subjects with tetraplegia
Treatment: phenoxybenzamine (10 mg bid) and nifedipine (20 mg bid) for 4 days prior cystometry
Outcome Measures: blood pressure during cystometry

1. Neither drug effectively prevented AD secondary to bladder filling, and a significant number of patients developed troublesome hypotension.
2. Sublingual dose of nifedipine (10 mg) was effective in managing acute attacks of AD.