Age range

Definition

Men ≥ 60 years or
postmenopausal women

Hip or knee region T score ≤-2.5

Men <59 years or
premenopausal women

Hip or knee region Z score <-2.0 with ≥3 risk factors for fracture

Men or women age 16–90

Prior low-trauma fracture and no identifiable etiology of osteoporosis other than SCI

The T score is the number of standard deviations (SD) BMD is above or below gender-specific young adult mean peak bone mass. The Z score is the number of SD BMD is above or below that expected for individuals of the same age and gender.
Reprinted from Topics in Spinal Cord Injury Rehabilitation, Vol. 14, Craven BC, Robertson LA, McGillivray CF, Adachi JD, Detection and treatment of sublesional osteoporosis among patients with chronic spinal cord injury: proposed paradigms, pp. 1–22, © 2009, 9. Reproduced with permission from Thomas Land Publishers, Inc. www.thomasland.com