Nash et al. 2007
USA
PEDro=5
RCT (cross-over design)
N=3

Population: SCI: Mean age = 38.7 yrs; Gender: males = 2, females = 1; Level of injury: paraplegia = 1, tetraplegia = 2; Severity of injury: AIS: C = 2, D = 1; Time since injury = 11.3 yrs.
Treatment: On a 24m oval track, subjects walked to fatigue consecutively over 5 days. In trial 1, once fatigued, subjects consumed 48g of vanilla whey & 1g/kg body weight of carbohydrate (CH20). Subjects rested over the weekend and repeated the process again. 2 wk washout pd occurred, then whey was replaced with vanilla soy (placebo) for trial 2.
Outcome Measures: Oxygen consumption (VO2); Carbon dioxide production (VCO2); Respiratory exchange rate (RER); Distance walked; Time of walk; Caloric expenditure.

• No adverse effects occurred.
• Although ambulation velocity was low (0.11-3.40 m/s), RER was close to unity, showing reliance of CH20 substrates.
• Whey & CH20 versus soy:
• 17% ↑ in mean ambulation time (32 vs. 27.1min)
• ↑ walked distance (470 vs. 341m)
• 12.2% ↑ in energy expenditure (731kJ vs. 651 kJ).