Spasticity Table 1 Summary of Outcome Measures used in Spasticity Intervention Studies

Known Clinical Measures

Other Measures

Electrophysiological Measures

Quality of Life Measures

  • Ambulation Index
  • American Spinal Injury Assessment (ASIA; motor and sensory index)
  • Ashworth (Original and Modified)
  • Barthel Index Clonus (count or duration)
  • Deep Tendon Reflexes (DTR)
  • Expanded disability status scale (EDSS)
  • Functional Independence Measure (FIM)
  • Goal Attainment Scale
  • Grip strength (Jamar dynamometer)
  • Global Impression (Patient and/or Clinician)
  • Incapacity Status Scale*
  • Klein-Bell ADL scale
  • Jebsen Hand Function Test
  • Manual Muscle Testing
  • Nine-hole peg test (upper limb problems only)
  • Passive joint ROM
  • Patient Evaluation and Conference System (PECS)
  • Pendulum test (relaxation index; peak velocity)
  • Plantar stimulation response
  • Present Pain Intensity
  • Profile of Moods Scale
  • Rivermead Mobility Index (RMI)
  • Seven point terrible-delighted scale
  • Six point Likert scale (spasticity)
  • Smith Hand Function Evaluation
  • Spasm Frequency Scale (SFS)
  • Spasm Severity Scale (SSS)
  • Standard neurological examination
  • Timed 10 m walk test (lower limb problems only)
  • Visual Analogue Scale (VAS: Spasticity, Pain, Satisfaction)
  • Weschler Memory Test

*Includes Spasticity sum score=average MAS for left/right/examiner 1/examiner 2 for each muscle group.

  • Adverse Event monitoring
  • "Clinical interview questionnaire"
  • "Clinical Rating Score" (CRS)
  • "Clinically significant relief of spasticity"
  • "Continuation of study drug after trial"
  • Cost effectiveness analysis
  • Cystomanometry
  • "Evaluation of functional abilities"
  • "Decrease in hypertonicity"
  • "Discontinuation of other antispasticity medications"
  • "Evaluation of personal independence"
  • Five point scale (interference of spasticity on selected self care activities and weekly rate of resistance to movement)
  • Functional disability score (FDS)
  • Gait spasticity and transfer activity
  • "Impression of pain"
  • "Neurological reflex scale"
  • Outcome measure not specified.
  • "Painful Spasm Scale"
  • "Patient Caregiver subjective responses"
  • Patient/Clinician Global measure (4 point scale)
  • Patient Daily Diary or Log (spasticity, clonus, nocturnal awakenings related to spasms)
  • Subjective ratings (problem severity, spasticity assessment, pain)
  • "Telephone questionnaire regarding decrease in symptoms"
  • "Use of limbs and transfer activity" (weekly)
  • Vibratory Inhibition Index (VII)
  • "Electrophysiologic testing"
  • EMG/velocity ratio for any given speed - stretch reflex response
  • Flexion reflex measurement Peak isometric quad torque in response to surface electrical stimulation
  • Gait analysis
  • H-Reflex and H/M ratio (latency and amplitude)
  • Joint angular displacement
  • Motor Evoked Potentials (MEP)
  • Polysynaptic reflex measurement
  • Quantitative assessment of ankle hypertonicity
  • Viscous and elastic stiffness to sinusoidal ankle perturbation of 5° at 3 to 12 Hz.

 

  • Hopkins symptom check list (HSCL)
  • Sickness Impact Profile (SIP)
  • Global Impression (Patient and/or Clinician)